1. Kuvumbura no gukwirakwiza imiterere ya mutant ya Omi Keron Ku ya 9 Ugushyingo 2021, Afurika y'Epfo yavumbuye B.1.1.529 ya coronavirus nshya ivuye mu rubanza rwa mbere.Mu byumweru 2 gusa, imiterere ya mutant yabaye intandaro ya mutant yanduye indwara nshya yanduye ikamba mu Ntara ya Gauteng, Afurika yepfo, kandi iterambere ryayo ryihuse.Ku ya 26 Ugushyingo, OMS yasobanuye ko ari “impinduka ya gatanu” (VOC), yiswe inyuguti y'Ikigereki Omicron (Omicron).Kuva ku ya 28 Ugushyingo, Afurika y'Epfo, Isiraheli, Ububiligi, Ubutaliyani, Ubwongereza, Otirishiya, na Hong Kong, Ubushinwa, byakurikiranye iyinjizwa ry’imiterere ya mutant.Igitekerezo cyiyi mutant nticyigeze kiboneka mu zindi ntara n’imijyi yo mu gihugu cyanjye.Impinduka ya Omi Keron yavumbuwe bwa mbere kandi ivugwa muri Afurika y'Epfo, ariko ntibisobanura ko virusi yabayeho muri Afurika y'Epfo.Ahantu mutant yabonetse ntabwo byanze bikunze ariho byaturutse.
2. Impamvu zishobora gutuma habaho ihinduka rya muti wa Omi Keron Dukurikije amakuru asanganywe na data base nshya ya virusi ya GISAID, umubare w’imiterere ya mutation ya virusi nshya y’ikamba Omi Keron mutant strain urenze cyane iy'abandi virusi nshya yambitswe ikamba. imiterere ya mutant yagiye ikwirakwira mu myaka ibiri ishize, cyane cyane muri virusi ya spike (Spike) ihindagurika..Bikekwa ko impamvu zavutse zishobora kuba ibintu bitatu bikurikira: (1) Nyuma yuko umurwayi udafite ubudahangarwa yanduye coronavirus nshya, yahuye nigihe kirekire cyubwihindurize mumubiri kugirango akusanyirize hamwe ihinduka ryinshi, byanduzwa ku bw'amahirwe;.., Bitewe n'ubushobozi budahagije bwo gukurikirana, virusi yo hagati yigihe gito yubwihindurize ntishobora kuboneka mugihe.
3. Ubushobozi bwo kwanduza Omi Keron mutant mutant Kugeza ubu, nta makuru yubushakashatsi bwa sisitemu yerekeye kwanduza, kwanduza indwara, hamwe n’ubushobozi bwo guhunga indwara ya Omi Keron ihinduka ku isi.Nyamara, Omi Keron ihindura kandi ifite ibibanza byingenzi byahinduwe na aside amine mubice bine byambere bya VOC Alpha, Beta, Gamma na Delta spike proteyine, harimo niyakira neza ya selile.Imbuga za mutation zifatika hamwe nubushobozi bwo kwigana virusi.Icyorezo cya Epidemiologiya na laboratoire cyerekana ko umubare w’abantu banduye Omi Keron muri Afurika yepfo wiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara, kandi wasimbuye igice cya Delta (Delta).Ubushobozi bwo kohereza bugomba kurushaho gukurikiranwa no kwigwa.
4. Ingaruka za Omi Keron variant strain ku nkingo n'imiti ya antibody Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko kuba K417N, E484A, cyangwa N501Y ihindagurika muri poroteyine S ya coronavirus nshya byerekana ubushobozi bwo guhunga ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri;mugihe Omi Keron mutant nayo ifite ihinduka rya gatatu rya "K417N + E484A + N501Y";hiyongereyeho, mutant ya Omi Keron nayo Hariho izindi mutation nyinshi zishobora kugabanya ibikorwa byo kutabogama kwa antibodi zimwe na zimwe.Ihindagurika ry’imihindagurikire y’imiterere rishobora kugabanya ingaruka zo kurinda imiti imwe n'imwe ya antibody irwanya ihinduka rya Omi Keron, kandi ubushobozi bw’inkingo zisanzwe zo guhunga ubudahangarwa bukeneye gukurikiranwa n’ubushakashatsi.
5. Ese variant ya Omi Keron igira ingaruka kuri reagent ya nucleic acide ikoreshwa mugihugu cyanjye?Isesengura rya genome ry’imiterere ya Omi Keron ryerekanye ko aho ihinduka ry’imihindagurikire ridahindura ibyiyumvo byihariye ndetse n’imiterere y’imiterere y’imisemburo ya nucleic aside mu gihugu cyanjye.Imiterere ya mutation ya Omi Keron ihindagurika cyane yibanda cyane mukarere gahindagurika cyane ka S proteine S, kandi ntabwo iherereye muri nucleic aside detection reagent primers hamwe n’uturere twerekanwe twasohotse mu gitabo cya munani cy’igihugu cyanjye “New Coronavirus Pneumonia Gahunda yo gukumira no kugenzura ”(Ubushinwa Gene ya ORF1ab na N yasohowe n'Ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara ku isi).Nyamara, amakuru yo muri laboratoire menshi yo muri Afrika yepfo yerekana ko reagent zerekana aside nucleic zerekana gene S idashobora kumenya neza S S ya variant ya Omi Keron.
6. Ingamba zafashwe n’ibihugu n’uturere bireba Urebye icyerekezo cy’icyorezo cya Omi Keron muri Afurika yepfo, ibihugu n’uturere twinshi, harimo Amerika, Ubwongereza, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, Uburusiya, Isiraheli, igihugu cyanjye cya Tayiwani na Hong Kong, yabujije kwinjira mu ngendo zituruka mu majyepfo ya Afurika.
7. ingamba z’ibisubizo by’igihugu cyanjye ingamba zo gukumira no kugenzura igihugu cyacu cyo “kwirwanaho hanze, kwirwanaho imbere mu kurwanya” biracyafite akamaro mu kurwanya Omi Keron mutant.Ikigo gishinzwe indwara ziterwa na virusi mu kigo cy’Ubushinwa gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara cyashyizeho uburyo bwihariye bwo kumenya aside nucleic aside yo mu bwoko bwa Omi Keron, kandi ikomeje gukora igenzura rya virusi ya virusi ku bantu bashobora gutumizwa mu mahanga.Izi ngamba zavuzwe haruguru zizafasha kumenya igihe cya Omi Keron mutants zishobora gutumizwa mu gihugu cyanjye.
8. Icyifuzo cya OMS cyo gukemura ibibazo bya mutant Omi Keron OMS irasaba ko ibihugu byakomeza kugenzura, gutanga raporo no gukora ubushakashatsi kuri coronavirus nshya, no gufata ingamba zifatika z’ubuzima rusange kugira ngo virusi ikwirakwizwa;ingamba zifatika zo gukumira indwara zasabwe kubantu harimo kubika intera byibura metero 1 ahantu hahurira abantu benshi, kwambara masike, gufungura amadirishya yo guhumeka, no gukomeza Kwoza amaboko yawe, gukorora cyangwa kwitsamura mu nkokora cyangwa mu nyama, gukingirwa, nibindi, kandi, irinde kujya ahantu hafite umwuka mubi cyangwa abantu benshi.Ugereranije nubundi buryo bwa VOC, kugeza ubu ntiharamenyekana niba variant ya Omi Keron ifite kwanduza cyane, gutera indwara ndetse nubushobozi bwo guhunga.Ubushakashatsi bufite akamaro buzabona ibisubizo byambere mubyumweru bike biri imbere.Ariko ikizwi muri iki gihe ni uko ubwoko bwose bwa mutant bushobora gutera uburwayi cyangwa urupfu rukomeye, bityo rero kwirinda ikwirakwizwa rya virusi buri gihe ni urufunguzo, kandi urukingo rushya rw’ikamba ruracyafite akamaro mu kugabanya indwara zikomeye n’urupfu.
9. Imbere yuburyo bushya bwagaragaye bwa coronavirus nshya Omi Keron, abaturage bakwiye kwitondera iki mumirimo yabo ya buri munsi?(1) Kwambara mask biracyari inzira nziza yo gukumira ikwirakwizwa rya virusi, kandi biranakoreshwa kuri Omi Keron mutant.Nubwo amasomo yose yo gukingira no gukingira booster yarangiye, birakenewe kandi kwambara mask ahantu hahurira abantu benshi, mu modoka zitwara abantu n’ahandi.Byongeye kandi, oza intoki zawe kenshi kandi uhumeke icyumba.(2) Kora akazi keza ko gukurikirana ubuzima bwawe bwite.Iyo hari ibimenyetso byerekana ko ukekwaho umusonga mushya wa coronari, nk'umuriro, inkorora, guhumeka neza nibindi bimenyetso, hita ukurikirana ubushyuhe bwumubiri hanyuma ufate iyambere kwa muganga.(3) Kugabanya kwinjira no gusohoka bitari ngombwa.Mu minsi mike gusa, ibihugu byinshi nuturere twagiye dukurikirana raporo zinjira muri Omi Keron mutant.Ubushinwa nabwo bufite ibyago byo gutumiza mu mahanga iyi mutant, kandi ubumenyi bugezweho ku isi kuri ubu bwoko bwa mutant buracyari buke.Kubwibyo rero, ingendo zijya ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa cyane zigomba kugabanywa, kandi kurinda umuntu kugiti cye bigomba gushimangirwa kugirango amahirwe yo kwandura Omi Keron ahindurwe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-17-2021